In India, their native languages are Hindi and its dialects such as Rajasthani, Marwari and other languages of Rajasthan, Gujarati and Kutchi in Gujarat, as well as Punjabi in the Punjab, a dialect of Punjabi called Rathi spoken in Ratia and Tohana in present day Haryana derives its name from the Rathore clan that held sway in this area Uttar Pradesh (Basti-60 km from Ayodhaya), Rathore have 10 village Madhwapur, Umra, dasiya daulatpur karma gandhariya kusma, basdiha, kusmahiya, madhopur these rathores are prevailing in that area and speak awadhi language.
Dynasties belonging to this clan ruled a number of kingdoms and princely states in Rajasthan and neighbouring states before India's independence in 1947. The largest and oldest among these was Jodhpur, in Marwar and Bikaner. Also the Idar State in Gujrat. Apart from Idar many of the Rathods had migrated to the different parts of Gujarat and one of them is Lunavada State (Currently in Panchmahals District of Gujarat.) Kanesar is one of the village in Lunawada State containing Rathods as a major population. The Maharaja of Jodhpur, is regarded as the head of the extended Rathore clan of Rajputs. Even in the modern times the clout of this clan in the democratic world is such that a large number of MLAs and MPs have been elected from among them.
Early history
Based on "khyats" (traditional accounts) written in seventeenth century, it is surmised that the Rathores and Rathods were originally feudatories of the Ujjaini-based Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, and may perhaps have been domiciled in the vicinity of Kannauj in the heyday of that dynasty. Pratihara-ruled Kannauj was sacked by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1019 CE, which ushered in a chaotic period for that area. A family known to us as the "Gahadvala" dynasty gained control of Kannauj and ruled for nearly a century; their best-known monarch was Raja Jaichand, their last king.
Nainpal obtains Kannauj
According to Todd, Suryavanshi Raja Nainpal obtained possession of Kannauj in V.S. 530 (470 A.D.) and his descendants were called Kamdhuj. His Son was Padartha Kamdhuj and his son was Punja Kamdhuj. Punj had 13 sons bearing the patrymonic Kamdhuj [1]. These were- 1st. Dharma Bambo: his descendants styled Danesra Kamdhuj.
- 2nd. Banuda, who fought the Afghans at Kangra, and founded Abhaipur : hence the Abhaipura Kamdhuj.
- 3rd. Virachandra, who married the daughter of Hamira Chauhan, of Anhilpur Patan; he had fourteen sons, who emigrated to the Deccan,his descendants called Kapolia Kamdhuj.
- 4th. Amrabijai, who married the daughter of the Paramara prince of Koragarh (Fatehpur Distt.)on the Ganges,slew 16000 Paramaras, and took possession of Kora, whence the Kora Kamdhuj.
- 5th. Sujan Binod : his descendants Jarkhera Kamdhuj.
- 6th. Padma, who conquered Orissa, and also Bogilana (Baglan of Nasik Dist. in Maharashtra) from Raja Tejman Yadu.
- 7th. Aihar, who took Bengal from the Yadus : hence Aihara Kamdhuj.
- 8th. Bardeo ; his elder brother offered him in appanage Benares, and eighty-four townships ; but he preferred founding a city, which he called Parakhpur (Towards Indus) his descendants Parakh Kamdhuj.
- 9th. Ugraprabhu, who made a pilgrimage to the shrine of Hinglaj Chandel (on Mekran Coast) who, pleased with the severity of his penance, caused a sword to ascend from the fountain, with which he conquered the southern countries touching the ocean, his descendants Chandela Kamdhuj.
- 10th. Muktaman, who conquered possessions in the north from Bhan Tuar : his descendants Bira Kamdhuj.
- 11th. Bharat, at the age of sixty-one, conquered Kanaksar, under the northern hills, from Rudrasen of the Bargujar tribe : his descendants styled Bhariau Kamdhuj.
- 12th. Alankal founded Khairoda; fought the Asuras (Muslims) on the banks of the Attock: his descendants Kherodia Kamdhuj.
- 13th. Chand obtained Tarapur in the north. He married a daughter of the Chauhan of Tahera, a city well known to the world : with her he came to Benares.
Major allies and foes
Raja Rangatdhwaj of Kannauj defeated Jasraj Tuar of Delhi. When Mohammed Ghori Attacked India in 1193 A.D., the major power holder were Tuars/Tomars of Delhi, Rathors of Kannauj, Chauhans of Ajmer and Gehlots of Mewar. They all were at times either allies or at war with each other and all princes of India paid homage to one or the other.Attack of Md. Gazni
The Gahadvalas were displaced from Kannauj by the invasion, in 1194 CE, of Muhammad of Ghor.Sheoji migrates
It is said that Sheoji[2], a surviving grandson of Jaichand, made his way into the western desert with a group of faithful followers, finally settling in the town of Pali in Marwar, which was ruled by another branch of the Pratiharas. Sheoji is regarded as the patriarch of the entire Rathore clan and all Rathores and Rathods trace their patrilineage back to him. The tradition finds supports from a number of inscriptions found in the vicinity of Kannauj that mention several generations of a Rashtrakuta dynasty ruling there for two centuries. A very similar account is also mentioned in the "Rashtraudha Kavya" of Rudrakavi, finished in 1595, who was the court poet in the court of the Rashtraudha king, Narayana of Mayurgiri.Marwar and beyond
The Rathores gradually spread across Marwar, forming a brotherhood of landowners and village chieftains, loosely bound to each other by ties of clan and caste. An epoch in the history both of Marwar and of the Rathores was marked by Rao Jodha, a warrior who founded a kingdom that grew to encompass all of Marwar. He also founded the city of Jodhpur in 1459, and moved his capital thither from Mandore.One of his sons, Rao Bika, with the help of his uncle Rawat Kandhal, established the town of Bikaner in 1488, in the Jangladesh region lying to the north of Marwar; that town was to become the seat of a second major Rathore kingdom. Some of these migrations from Marwar into Gujarat caused changes in language and the spelling of Rathore to Rathod, which is seen in clans present in Gujarat. Rathods of Gujarat trace their history to the city Jodhpur.
The various cadet branches of the Rathore clan gradually spread to encompass all of Marwar and later sallied abroad to found states in Central India and Gujarat. At the time of India's independence in 1947, the princely states ruled by various branches of the Rathore clan included:
- Jodhpur (Marwar): Covering the present-day districts of Jodhpur, Pali, Nagaur, Barmer, and Jalor.
- Bikaner (Jangladesh): Covering the present-day districts of Bikaner, Churu, Ganganagar and Hanumangarh;
- Kishangarh in present-day Rajasthan, founded in 1611 by Raja Kishan Singh, son of Udai Singh of Marwar & balawat rathore .
- Idar in present-day Gujarat, founded in 1728 or 1729.
- Ratlam in present-day Ratlam District of Madhya Pradesh, founded 1651.
- Jhabua in present-day Madhya Pradesh
- Sitamau in present-day Mandsaur District of Madhya Pradesh, founded 1701 by Raja Kesho Das.
- Sailana in present-day Ratlam District of Madhya Pradesh, founded in 1730 by Raja Jai Singh.
- Manda in present day uttar pradesh, direct lineage from the younger brother of Raja Jaichand of Kannauj. Former Indian Prime Minister, Raja Bahadur Vishwanath Pratap Singhji was Last King of Manda.
- Alirajpur in present-day Madhya Pradesh.
- Jobat in present-day Madhya Pradesh.
- Kashipur in present day Uttarakhand.
- Jubbal in present day Himachal Pradesh.
- Jasol in present day Barmer district of Rajasthan.
- Saraikela also spelt Seraikella, now Saraikela Kharswan district in Jharkhand
No comments:
Post a Comment